Saturday, September 15, 2012

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Wednesday, September 12, 2012

Sottofamiglia Loriinae

Lorius lory

Sottofamiglia Psittacinae

Nestor meridionalis

Tribù Psittrichadini

Tribù Nestorini

Tribù Strigopini

Tribù Micropsittini

Tribù Cyclopsittacini

Tribù Platycercini

Psephotus haematonotus

Tribù Psittaculini

Tribù Psittacini

Tribù Arini

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Con il termine pappagallo (Psittacidae, Illiger 1811) s'intende una numerosa famiglia di uccelli, appartenenti all'ordine Psittaciformes. Un tempo le due famiglie Psittacidae e Cacatuidae erano riunite in un'unica famiglia.
I pappagalli sono diffusi principalmente nelle zone tropicali e subtropicali del mondo, come l'America Latina, l'India, l'Asia sudorientale, l'Africa e l'Oceania.
Le loro caratteristiche principali sono:
  • il becco ricurvo, simile a quello dei rapaci, specializzato però nell'aprire frutti o semi legnosi;
  • la mandibola superiore non è fusa con il cranio, ciò permette maggiori movimenti sciolti con il becco e la testa;
  • la posizione del corpo, solitamente eretta;
  • il numero delle dita delle zampe, quattro, opposte a coppie tra loro (sono zigodattili);
  • moltissime specie riescono poi ad imitare suoni o addirittura la voce umana.
  • Macaw-jpatokal.jpg
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he giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is an African even-toed ungulate mammal, the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant. Its species name refers to its camel-like appearance and the patches of color on its fur. Its chief distinguishing characteristics are its extremely long neck and legs, its horn-like ossicones and its distinctive coat patterns. It stands 5–6 m (16–20 ft) tall and has an average weight of 1,600 kg (3,500 lb) for males and 830 kg (1,800 lb) for females. It is classified under the family Giraffidae, along with its closest extant relative, the okapi. There are nine subspecies, which are distinguished by their coat patterns.
The giraffe's scattered range extends from Chad in the north to South Africa in the south, and from Niger in the west to Somalia in the east. Giraffes usually inhabit savannas, grasslands, and open woodlands. Their primary food source is acacia leaves, which they can browse at heights that most other herbivores cannot reach. Giraffes are preyed on by lions, and calves are also targeted by leopards, spotted hyenas and wild dogs. Adult giraffes do not have strong social bonds, though they do gather in loose aggregations if they happen to be moving in the same general direction. Males establish social hierarchies through "necking", which are combat bouts where the neck is used as a weapon. Dominant males gain mating access to females, who bear the sole responsibility for raising the young.
The giraffe has intrigued various cultures, both ancient and modern, for its peculiar appearance, and has often been featured in paintings, books and cartoons. It is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as Least Concern, but has been extirpated from many parts of its former range, and some subspecies are classified as Endangered. Nevertheless, giraffes are still found in numerous national parks and game reserves.
 
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Six species in the family Delphinidae are commonly called "whales", but genetically are dolphins. They are sometimes called blackfish.
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The name is originally from Greek δελφίς (delphís), "dolphin",[1] which was related to the Greek δελφύς (delphus), "womb".[2] The animal's name can therefore be interpreted as meaning "a 'fish' with a womb".[3] The name was transmitted via the Latin delphinus[4] (the romanization of the later Greek δελφῖνος – delphinos[5]), which in Medieval Latin became dolfinus and in Old French daulphin, which reintroduced the ph into the word. The term mereswine (that is, "sea pig") has also historically been used.[6]
The word is used in a few different ways. It can mean:
  • any member of the family Delphinidae (oceanic dolphins),
  • any member of the family Delphinidae or the superfamily Platanistoidea (oceanic and river dolphins),
  • any member of the suborder Odontoceti (toothed whales; these include the above families and some others),
  • and is used casually as a synonym for bottlenose dolphin, the most common and familiar species of dolphin.
This article uses the second definition and does not describe porpoises (suborder Odontoceti, family Phocoenidae). Orcas and some closely related species belong to the Delphinidae family and therefore qualify as dolphins, even though they are called whales in common language.
A group of dolphins is called a "school" or a "pod". Male dolphins are called "bulls", females "cows" and young dolphins are called "calves".[7]
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Dolphins are marine mammals closely related to whales and porpoises. There are almost forty species of dolphin in 17 genera. They vary in size from 1.2 m (4 ft) and 40 kg (90 lb) (Maui's dolphin), up to 9.5 m (30 ft) and 10 tonnes (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons) (the orca or killer whale). They are found worldwide, mostly in the shallower seas of the continental shelves, and are carnivores, eating mostly fish and squid. The family Delphinidae is the largest in the Cetacean order, and evolved relatively recently, about ten million years ago, during the Miocene. Dolphins are among the most intelligent animals, and their often friendly appearance, an artifact of the "smile" of their mouthline, and seemingly playful attitude have made them very popular in human culture.
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